The osteochondrosis of the spine, as a disease of the human species, or "civilization disease", is associated with a openness in which the load throughout the structure of the spine and intervertebral discs increases significantly.A modern and sedentary lifestyle only exacerbates the situation.It is unlikely that there is an adult who does not experience manifestations of osteochondrosis in one way or another.For this reason, the questions about how and where to deal with osteochondrosis does not lose their relevance.
Four fifths of all back pain are caused by osteochondrosis.And from the point of view of spending in its treatment, it is not lower than cardiovascular diseases or influenza.
Causes
When reaching the median age of a person on intervertebral discs, a vascular channel is formed and, therefore, its nutrition occurs according to the principle of diffusion.This, in particular, complicates the regeneration of intervertebral discs after excessive or asymmetric loads, as well as micro and macro lesions.
The infutable or irrational food adds "oil to the fire", and the intervertebral cartilage, without receiving the necessary nutrients, begins to gradually lose strength and elasticity, and deform.
Unfortunately, the exact causes of osteochondrosis have not been established today, therefore, it is generally accepted that this is a certain set of risk factors, which include:
- Metabolic process disorders in the body;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Weak physical development, plain posture and feet violation, other musculoskeletal system disorders;
- Infectious diseases and poisoning;
- Column microtrauma due to falls, strokes, sudden movements and excessive loads, the same type of asymmetric movements;
- Macro trauma of the column due to fractures and bruises;
- Inadequate nutrition, a sedentary and overweight lifestyle, which leads to a lack of liquid, vitamins and trace elements;
- Stressful conditions and smoking, which leads to spasms and narrowing of blood vessels;
- Meteorological conditions under which low temperature and high air humidity are observed.
There are many reasons for the development of osteochondrosis, and all of them are in one way or another the result of the incorrect lifestyle, whose hostages are becoming more and more people of modern society.
Osteochondrosis prevention
Obviously, the best prevention of osteochondrosis is rational nutrition and physical education, among the classes of which are shown:
- Auto -Moms of the morning from the lower back, back and limbs.
- Hygienic gymnastics with flying movements of the arms and legs, jumping instead, head rotation, classes in the horizontal bar.
- A five-minute physical pause in the workplace with a set of 7-9 exercises.
- Swimming in the pool, especially in the back.
Of course, if time for prevention is lost, this exercise list must be expanded with therapeutic exercises, which provide techniques for the spinal channel.
The energy supply for osteochondrosis must include a large amount of protein, with the exception of fungal dishes, the remains of animal fat butter, the first dishes, mainly vegetarian, second dishes, steamed or in the oven, snacks, mainly floods, low fats in fat, spices and spices, are welcome.The consumption of saline salts and products (sand, salmon, task for winter), sugar, flour, butter and other confectionery, grapes and juice of strong, coffee and strong tea, alcohol and smoking is very limited.
The mass of the daily diet should generally not exceed 2 kg, liquids - 1 liter and kilocalias - 2600 units.The daily diet is calculated for a frequent meal-5-7 meals per day.
If the analysis shows the lack of certain vitamins and trace elements, they are prescribed additionally.
Osteochondrosis diagnosis
Depending on the location, osteochondrosis can be:
- Cervical (25% of the cases): It is accompanied by pain in the hands and shoulders, headaches with a possible possible development of the vertebral artery syndrome, when the noise appears in the ears, "flies" and spots of color before the eyes, dizziness of light are produced.
- Thoracic column, - The pain arises as a "stake" in the chest, the pain "shoots" in other organs: heart, lungs, stomach.
- Lumbosacra column (50% of the cases): The pain in the lower back, which gives the legs, the sacrum, and sometimes in the groin, can be accompanied by syndromes of deteriorated function and sensitivity of the muscles of the lower extremities.
- Common (12% of cases): it is a combination of osteochondrosis of the spine of several departments at the same timeAnd therefore, the most serious form of this disease.
In addition to pain pain in the corresponding parts of the column, a sensation of pain and numbness in the limbs, pain in several organs and muscles with osteochondrosis Other symptoms: muscle cramps, decreased freedom of movement and greater pain during cough or sneezing, additional loads and acute tours or inclinations.
A preliminary diagnosis is performed based on the previous symptoms and in the initial examination by a doctor who verifies the patient's column in several positions (lies, standing, sitting, in states of movement and rest, after the patient is sent to the hardware diagnoses to confirm and clarify or refute the diagnosis. The main types of spine study include MRI, computerized tomography, radiography and dopplerography ofultrasound of the main brain arteries.
It happens that after an exhaustive examination, related diseases are detected additionally, which are complications of osteochondrosis: hernia - column and intervertebral, protrusion of the intervertebral disc, radical and kyphosis.
The quality of the diagnosis is of the utmost importance, because many symptoms of osteochondrosis are absolutely identical to the symptoms of other diseases, and pain sources can be both a spinal root or a damaged intervertebral disc.
Osteochondrosis treatment
But the diagnosis follows the treatment, which can be of two types -Conservative AND Operational - Depending on the negligence and severity of the disease and the presence of internal resources for recovery, other indications and contraindications.
In several serious cases, it is impossible to do without surgery, in others, conservative treatment is justified.However, only highly qualified doctors can make the right decision and sometimes their consultation.
With conservative treatment, as well as subsequent rehabilitation, an integral approach is needed, which means the use of many methods of several sectors of medicine.Modern medicine in most cases reduces conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation to two things: drug therapy and hardware treatment.At the same time, there is a total underestimation of the body's own resources, the treatment is, so to speak, "in the absence" of the patient himself, as if the active participation of the patient in the cure does not occur.Such "passive" treatment and rehabilitation always turn out to be longer and sometimes not successful.
At the same time, conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation must include several different methods, such as:
- Exercise therapy: therapeutic gymnastics exercises;
- Isometric kinesiotherapy;
- Manual therapy;
- Reflexology;
- HydyRomassage underwater;
- Discharge of treatment based on column elimination;
- Magneto, electrical stimulation and vibro;
- Ultrasound and laser therapy;
- Therapeutic diet
- Psychotherapy;
- Pharmacological therapy.
With the correct selection and the combination of many therapeutic methods, pharmacological treatment can move to the last place and resort to it in a minimum volume or in the phases of exacerbation.
Classes with a psychologist in combination with exercise therapy forcing a person to believe in their own strength and actively participate in recovery or postoperative restoration.
Manual and hydromassage, reflexology not only improves blood circulation, it relieves pain syndromes, but also excites the internal forces of the body.
The underestimation of the dietary role can minimize the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment, since the individual selected diet allows it to saturate body cells with the necessary nutrients, trace elements and vitamins, prevent concomitant complications for other organs and without aggravating diseases such as diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and deceleration and decelerations and deceleration and decelerationEvasion
And yet, pharmacological therapy remains necessary, generally includes several therapy:
- Anti -inflammatory;
- Antispasmodic;
- Antioxidant;
- Stimulation of blood microcirculation;
- Correction of psychosomatic disorders and the prevention of the degeneration of the cartilage tissue.
Therefore, we will summarize: postoperative rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis in special departments of state clinics in most cases deprives patients with comprehensive recovery treatment, and said home treatment adds several more problems.The fact is that trying to rehabilitate at home, the patient faces at least the fact that:
- Experience a shortage of medical equipment: orthopedic beds, simulators, physiotherapy devices or simply the space necessary for physiotherapy exercises;
- Discover the inability to self -organize and self -disciplinary, which are the quintessence of any recreational technique: you cannot elementaryly observe sleep regimes, vigil, medication, passage of medical procedures and nutrition for a long period of time.
- You feel a lack of dietary and cooking skills that allow you to compose recipes and choose the right and distribute the diet of the day, whose violation can deny the effectiveness of other health methods.
Therefore, it is better to undergo recovery treatment in specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers specialized in comprehensive rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis.