Osteoarthritis is a severe dystrophy of the cartilage in the joint without swelling. This disease is very common, since it is directly related to begin the processes of aging in the body. Often suffers from little more than 10% of the population of the country. Often this disease occurs in persons of middle age. Often, the osteoarthritis appears in those under the age as a result of fractures of the extremities and injuries.
More traumatic space — knee and phalangeal joints. The disease often occurs there. The patient a little while, you can clearly feel no pain. The pain may occur in situations where the joint affects a certain part of the load. If the load is not present, the pain may also be absent, and the patient may not know is that he is sick.
As a result of this disease, the cartilage very lose their elasticity. There are only 2 types of osteoarthritis.
- Primary osteoarthritis. Occurs without a special reason. Their victims are cartilage located in several joints at the same time. Most often seen in people over the age of 40 years. As a result of the great changes cartilages start to simply start to deteriorate from the inside;
- Secondary osteoarthritis. In this osteoarthritis, changes occur in the processes of metabolism and of the circulation (the supply of blood and salt change worsen). Women are also very common hormonal disorders because of the hormonal change general fund.
And so, the most frequently diseased of osteoarthritis):
- People who are overweight;
- People with an innate predisposition to the disease;
- The people of old;
- The people who work in conditions hazardous to the health of the jobs associated with the high loads;
- People with disorders of metabolism and micronutrient deficiencies in the agency;
- The people who suffered various injuries;
- Some athletes.
They also share the degree of osteoarthritis of the severity of the disease.
- The manifestation of the osteoarthritis of the first degree is not accompanied by any of the symptoms that you notice. Sensation of pain may occur only during physical activity. However, irreversible changes and the weakening of the muscle systems manifest themselves already at this time;
- Osteoarthritis is of the second degree. This stage is already quite severe and is associated with the beginning of the irreversible deformation of the joint and the appearance of the first osteophytes. The pain experienced by the patient, still tolerable, but already brilliant is expressed. In the affected joints occurs the cracking. Violation of the muscles of the function;
- Osteoarthritis of the third degree. More heavy of the stage of development. The cartilage at this time have already been exhausted. The depleted muscle cartilage much that they lose the ability to contract.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the following summarizes the signs of the manifestation:
- Pain cider, the growing of the cold and rain;
- The joint is deformed and is significantly increased in the volume;
- It increases the temperature of the skin around the joint of the patient, as well as, possibly, the increase of the temperature of the entire body;
- Appears swelling, arise painful swelling;
- During the physical activity and the occurrence of any type of loads (like climbing stairs) the joint begins to crunch and crack.
If during the disease of the stagnant blood, and in the inner-bone the pressure increases, the pain may be no less accepted.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is considered to be one of the group of chronic diseases. He can often occur within a few years, be displayed only in the form of slight discomfort at the time of the tension of the muscles and joints. But it happens that for the rapid development of the disease is sufficient and several months. Therefore, if you receive one of the following symptoms it is worth to consult a doctor immediately.
- Occurs pain. Most often manifested in the time of the loads;
- Pains in the muscles and cracking. Pain most often manifests itself in low temperatures. The creaking at the beginning you can barely hear, but as the development of the disease can be audible even to the others;
- Appear swelling. This symptom is characteristic and similar of the disease of arthritis. Accompanied by an unpleasant aching pain.
The prevention of osteoarthritis
The prevention of this disease is necessary for all those who have at least a small predisposition to it. First of all, don't forget the physical activity, as well as well-mashed articulation remains more nimble, and retain their ability to correctly decreasing. Don't forget about the nutrition and the consumption of vitamins.
The treatment of osteoarthritis
The treatment of this disease is still a complicated problem, on which to break the head doctors. And although it has developed a considerable number of medications, and ultimately cure the disease can not with any of them. Listed below are the drug and its purpose.
- Ibuprofen, diclofenac and other nsaids. These medications significantly reduce the inflammatory process. The diclofenac is designed for the lubrication of the outside of the patient's joint;
- Introduction special effect of drugs on the inside of the joint. These drugs are characterized by the elimination of the inflammatory process and of normalization of the disabled;
- Introduction in the interior of the specific articulation of "lubricant", such as hyaluronic acid. This measure applies after you have fixed all inflammatory processes. The acid performs the function of lubrication reduces the friction of the joints and improves mobility.
In the surgery when it exacerbates the disease
If medications don't help, have to resort to the operations. Among them, the most effective are listed below.
- Arthroplasty. Represents the complete replacement of the cartilage of the joint, specially made to the board. In the result of the operation decreases pain and improves mobility;
- Arthroscopy. Prevents the destruction of the joint. In the result of the operation to remove the foci of inflammation;
- Placement of the prosthesis. In this case, all the parts of the joint are replaced with artificial ingredients. These components are made of materials not reiciendis in the body. The service life of the prosthesis, on average, is 10 years.
If the condition worsens, it is not worth pulling the surgical intervention, as well as the progress of the osteoarthritis may severely affect the mobility.
After the approval of the medicines and operations should not be forgotten that physical exercises. The result of these exercises should be to avoid the weakening of the ligaments. On the set of the necessary exercises, it is best to consult with your doctor. An experienced doctor will pick up for you the exercises that you will perform through the week after the disappearance of the pain. In the result of the exercise is to recover the joint mobility, increase the flexibility and strength of the muscles and the joints.